> Define Communication

Communication is the process of exchanging information between individuals through a shared symbol system. Telecommunications means the process of communication is done through a distance (tele = distance). In relation to electronic communications, telecommunications contains an understanding of science, technology and the ways or procedures for transfer or dissemination of information in the form of electrical signals through a transmission medium in the distance. The information can be exchanged many variations, for example, is data, voice, graphics, video and or audio signals. Media transmisipun also many kinds, which are often used include coaxial cable, fiber optics, radio frequency, infrared, and so forth.

Currently the telecommunications process almost always involves transmitting electromagnetic waves through a plane transmitter. Such things we never encountered in the past, where people use traditional communicating smoke signal, or flag semafor gong. Modern era, as now, telecommunications is very wide with the use of various tools to assist the communication process.

Examples that have been very akarab with us is television, radio, telephone. In addition it can also be found linking the use of network communication devices, such as computer networks, public telephone networks, radio networks, and network television. Communication with the computer more and more also the user via the internet, for example with the Internet to send letters (email = electronic mail) and fast-paced pesanpesan. The system is partly an example of telecommunications.

> Importance of Telecommunications Systems

The development of today’s telecommunications market in the 1990’s can be expected to reach 500 billion U.S. dollars. This growth will continue to rise until it reaches one trillion U.S. dollars in the 2000s. This trend is the increasing needs of users and industrialization. Developing countries like Indonesia, a high potential for growth of the telecommunications equipment market.

Already we can guess that there is a very close relationship between gross national income (GDP) a country with a population density using the phone. Consider Figure 1 below. The figure depicts the relationship between the countries that have a certain GDP with the number per 100 persons in the group of people who already have a phone connection.

We will agree to say that the telephone as a means of communication or telecommunication is a binder (catalyst) in the framework of efforts for economic growth. However, we should not conclude that the higher a country’s economic growth will result in a high density of telephone users. The number of telephone lines per 100 population has been widely used in statistical surveys to show signs of developing a country. Many developing countries 70-90% most of the people living in remote rural areas.

This picture also indicates a group of 100 people who have not a single community phone line. Such countries classified as very low state of development, both economically and telecommunications. To achieve this goal telephone service to everyone in the world, including in Indonesia, by the year 2000 has been proposed that everyone in a society which is 5km away, a phone connection should already reach.

Decent we know that to provide telecommunications connections at a low population density areas is very expensive. In addition, rates of return on capital that has been issued to be very little. The provision of telecommunications networks in rural areas memerlukaan providing substantial funds, because there needs to be good planning.

> History of Telecommunications

The emergence of the telephone and terkaitan industry has resulted in technological changes that changed the history of human life. The incident took place gradually over 125 years. Stage of development that happened was the efforts of remarkable in the discovery and development. The following will be delivered the stages of these developments.

From one-sided channel into direct connection.
The phone has brought a huge impact on 20th century
since the industrial revolution that occurred in the 19th century.
The discovery of the phone has changed the way of life
men, work and play. Change it
supported the discovery of television, computers, pagers,
facsimile machines, electronic mail (e-mail), Internet,
trade through cyberspace and so forth. In
the future ten years from now,
we expect the wireless Internet connection
that can be done everywhere, including in
in the car, briefcase, phone numbers
used in everyday life which enabled
(Dialing) via voice as we press
Tobol-key at home or in the office or place
other work.

Look at the picture below. It seems a complete telephone, consisting of several parts that have been fused. There nomornomor, the telephone, and cable box. The plane is a model of the earliest telephone. Nevertheless there are also other models that many variations. Compare also with a television. In its time it has been such a good tool, but its still very simple.

Television sets below are the type of the earliest television sets in use.

To connect between users
phone in earlier times
use a thread-thread cables
given ballast. Connection
Just plug the desired stay.

Figure 1.6. Board continued
phone